Navigating the Landscape of Infertility Management in Nigeria: Unravelling Challenges in IVF and Traditional Beliefs

Introduction:

Infertility remains a poignant issue globally, and Nigeria is no exception.

In Nigeria, the prevalence of primary infertility is 5 % and secondary infertility is 8 % (World Health Organization, 2004). The causes of infertility vary and have been linked to environmental issues, occupational related, genetics, and infectious diseases (Siristatidis et al., 2020, Hart, 2016).

 As advancements in medical science offer solutions like in vitro fertilization (IVF), a myriad of challenges persists, intertwined with deeply rooted traditional beliefs. This article explores the landscape of infertility management in Nigeria, shedding light on the hurdles faced in the realm of IVF and the enduring influence of traditional practices.

Challenges in IVF:

1. Financial Barriers: Affordability of IVF treatments remains a substantial challenge in Nigeria. The cost of fertility treatments, including medications and procedures, often exceeds the financial capacity of many couples. The average cost of one cycle of IVF treatment in Nigeria is about N900,000 excluding the cost of drugs, diagnosis and other ancillary services that might be required. The cost of IVF drugs usually ranges between N400,000 and N800,000 depending on the treatment plan.
2. Limited Access to Specialized Clinics: Specialized fertility clinics equipped with the latest technologies are concentrated in urban areas, leaving those in rural regions with restricted access to vital reproductive health services.
3. Cultural Stigma and Privacy Concerns: Infertility is sometimes stigmatized in Nigerian society, leading to privacy concerns for couples seeking IVF. Fear of judgment and societal pressure can discourage individuals from pursuing these treatments openly.
4. Lack of Legal Framework: Nigeria lacks a comprehensive legal framework regulating assisted reproductive technologies, leaving a void that contributes to uncertainties and ethical concerns in the practice of IVF.

Traditional Beliefs:

1. Cultural Perceptions of Infertility: Traditional beliefs surrounding infertility are deeply ingrained in Nigerian culture. Some communities attribute infertility to spiritual causes or supernatural forces, fostering a reluctance to embrace modern medical interventions.
2. Preference for Traditional Healers: Traditional healers, often seen as custodians of ancient wisdom, are sought by couples grappling with infertility. These healers may offer alternative treatments rooted in cultural practices, further deterring individuals from pursuing scientifically proven methods.
3. Role of Ancestral Spirits: In certain Nigerian cultures, infertility is believed to result from displeased ancestral spirits. This perception not only hinders acceptance of medical interventions but also reinforces the importance of traditional rituals and offerings.

Balancing Modern Medicine and Tradition:

Efforts to address infertility in Nigeria necessitate a delicate balance between modern medical interventions and respecting traditional beliefs. Initiatives to increase awareness, improve education, and foster community dialogues can help bridge the gap between these two worlds.

Conclusion:

The management of infertility in Nigeria is an Intricate fabric woven with financial, cultural, and accessibility challenges. As IVF strives to become a more widely accepted solution, acknowledging and addressing the influence of traditional beliefs is crucial. A holistic approach that combines the advancements of modern medicine with cultural sensitivity is imperative to provide effective and inclusive infertility management solutions for the diverse population of Nigeria.

An Article by: Suleiman Muhammad Farusi